Air-compressor.



INVENTOR ATTORNEY PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

F W PARSONS AIR COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION H1381) JAN 7, 1905 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

- WITNESSES:

TATENTED SEPT. a, 1908.

F; w. PARSONS.

" AIR GOMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 7, 1905.

3 SHEETSSHBET 2.

Q v A ATTORNEY mmmsm PATENTED SEPT. 8', 1908.

P. W. PARSONS.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FIL ED'.TAN. 7, 1905.

s SHEETS-SHEET a.

INVENTOR BY EL w d l I Y Ml WITNESSES:

W K ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' FREDERICK W. PARSON S, OF TARRYTOWN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N.-Y.

nm-oomnnss'on.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 8; 1908.

Application filed January-7, 1905. Serial No. 240,016.

at Tarrytown, in the county of Westchester and State'of New York, have invented certain new and useful- Improvements in Airspecification.

Y 111' .ig. 4; Fig.

The obect of this invention is to utilize an engine 0 the rotary reciprocating iston type for air compressing purposes, an to so construct the compressor as to attain a large compressing power in proportion to the cylinder areas and the stroke of the piston.

' Afurther object is to improve the construction of this type of engine for the purpose in view: and a final object is to rovide means for cooling the shaft about w 'ch the com pressing cylinders rotate.

I attain my objects bymeans of the arrangement and construction of the comressor as illustrated in the accompanying rawings, in which- Figure 1 represents an exterior side elevation of a compressor embodying my im ovements; Fig. 2, a section of the same 0 the line a,a. in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a side view of the running parts of the compressor removed from the casing, with arts shown in medial transverse section, an with one of the side frames removed; Fig. 4, a side view of the cylinder and side frame bearings, which are formedin one piece; Fig. 5 an end view of the same; Figs. 6, 7, and 8, transverse sections res ectively on the lines b-b, cc, and dd, 9 a sectional view, on line e-e in Fig. 10, of the casing head and bearings, showing the circulating passages for the cooling fluid; and Fig. 10,a side elevation of a portion of the casing head, showing the suction and discharge 0 enings, and the inlet and outlet for the coo ing fluid.

. Like numerals designate 'like parts in the observation ort holes being provided at the lower side o the casing, at 4, through which 'the level and condition of the'oil ma several views. i

The casin for the com' ressor consists of a cylindrical'siell, 1, provi .ed with feet for attaching it to a supporting base The casing at oneside is closed by a head 2 at the top is provided with a removable cap 3, by which oil may be introduced into the casing,

be ascertained. The air is drawn into t e compressor through the suction pipe 5, and. disthe ushin being 1 charged through the pipe 6, said discharge ipe for; convenience in assembling the parts, eing screwed into a coupling 'ece 7 which is secured in place by means 0 stud-bolts 10 and 11. The circulating pipes for the .cooling fluid are indicated at 8 and 9. Compressors, of which the following is a On the inside of thecasin head, is a boss 12, against which is fastene bearing 13, by means of the three stud-bolts 10, one of these stud-bolts being made longer than the others, and utilized for securin the pipe coupling 7 in place. Projecting rom the bearing 13 is the eccentric c linder bearing 14, at the other end of whic is attached the smaller side frame bearin 15; these side frame and cylinder bearings being in one iece, as'shown more clearly in Figs. 4 to 9. pon the bearings 13 and 15 are mounted the side frames 16 and 17, the hubs on these side frames being lined with bronze bushings Where they are journaled on the bearings. The side frame 17 is rovided with a rojecttion on its hub 19, w ich is journaled casing head and has a squared socket to receive the end of the driving shaft 20, which asses through an oil collecting chamber 21 ormed in the casing head, in order that oil working its way through the bearing for the IOLGCUOII 19, will be caught and conducted ac into the main casing.

Mounted upon the cylinder bearing 14, are

four cylinders 22, which radiate from a central hub. This hub is provided with a bronze the side frame t longitudinally. The cylinder hub I in' the i it to be slip ed onto the'cylinder bearing over the smal sideframe bearin 15; after which, one-half'of the bushing is s ipped into place on the side of the cylinder bearin awa from the bearing 15, t e other half 0 ders have can ven a half turn, so as to bring the first ha of the bushing in line"with the bearing 15,. After the bushing has been inserted in the bore'of the cylinder hub, and the ports through the bushing are brought into alinement" with the ports leading into the cylinders, the bushing will be pressed into place and secured b from turning movement with relation to the inserted after the cylin-- suitable means hub. When the cylinders are in motion the bearing 15 will also revent the longitudinal displacement of the ushing b reason of its projection at one side of the cy inder bearin Preferably I provide the com ressor wit four cylinders, thereby attaining a total compression area large in comparison to the cylinder diameters. The cylinders are provided with pistons 23 of the bucket type, said pistons 'eing coupled to the side frames 16 and 17 by means of the oscillatin connecting rods 24, said rods bein pivote u on the pins 25 by which the side rames are astened together. At one side of each of the cylinders is a bracket 29 which is bored to receive the arbor 26, at each end of which are cranks 27 provided with crank pins 28-, which latter are journaled in bearing boxes 30 formed in each of the side frames 16 and 17. The bearings for the arbors 26 andcrank pins 28 are I rovided with bronze bushings, as are also t e eyes of the connecting rods 24. The crank connections may be omitted from two adjacent cylinders out of the four, if desired.

When the side frames are rotated by means of the shaft 20, the-joint action of the cranks 27 and the rotated about the crank pin 14 and the istons to be reciprocated within the cylin er. This arrangement of rotating cylinders and reciprocating pistons has been employed heretofore in'steam and compressed air en- I 5 gines and nothing, therefore, is claimed, by

me-as novel in the general features of con the, discharge passage 35, runnin out from a the cylinder bearing and-through t e bearing 13' to the inclined passage 34 in the boss 12,

and anally passes out through the discharge pi e p n operation, the cylinders will be rotated from r1 ht to left, as viewed in Fi 3, the air being rawn freel into them t rough the oolarge'port 32, w e the pistons are passing from their inner to their outer positions in the cylinders. Forinstance, in Fig. 3, the piston the up or cylinder is shown at the end of its inwar stroke, and ready to begin its out stroke, with the cylinder port about to be opened to the port-32. The piston in V V the left hand cylinder is about at midstroke outward, and t e piston in the lower cylinder is at the end of its outward stroke, with. the

cylinder' port about to be cut ofl. from the iston connections 24 with the side frames wi cause the cylinders to be te ses.

port 32. From this point, as the pistonsare orced inward, the air will be com ressed until the cylinder ports are broug t into register with the discharge port 36, which is so located with reference to the suction ort that the pistons will be near the end of t eir in strokes, when the cylinder ports are opened to the discharge. The air contained in the cylinders will therefore be at full compression when the discharge port is reached.

The compression of the air within the cylinders will of necessity develop heat to a considerable degree, thereby causing the bearing of the cylinders to bind and cut unless some provision is made to reduce the temperature at this point. For this pur ose I rovide a circulation of a cooling uid, (which may be water, or air, or other fluid) through the cylinder bearing. This circulation is accom lished by passages connecting with the circu atin pi es 8 and 9 as follows. A chamber 42 in t e oss 12 communicates with the ipe 8 by way of the inlet'41, which is screw-t readed to receive the nipple connection from the elbow attached to pipe 8.

The chamber 42 passes around the center of the boss, as indicated by the broken lines in Fig. 10 and communicates with the passage 43 dr' ed through the bearings 13 and 14, said passage 43 being in communication with a return passage 44, by way of the passages 45 and 46, the passage 46 consisting of a lar e bore drilled in from the end of the sha t and closed b a plug ing drilled iagona y into t e passage 43,

47: tlie Ipassage 45 be- I through the large bore 46. The passage 44 registers with the inclined passage 48 in the boss 12, and is terminated by a screw-threaded 0 ening 49 to receive the nipple connection or the pipe 9. By this means a circulation-in either direction may be maintained through the cylinder bearing and the main bearing disk, thereby maintaining the bearing for the cylinders in a conditionsufiiciently cool to provide for the free running 0 the compressor.

The bearing 13 is centered'upon the boss 12 b means of the dowel pin 39, and is secure rigidly in place by means of. the studbolts 10, which are screwed into the-sockets 37, (see Fig. 5.), the dowel pin 39 being mserted in the central socket 38.

' The casing is made oil tight, and a quantity of oil ismaintained therein, which, as the compressor is rotated, is whirled about with.

the compressor, thereby causing all bearings to be' continuousl lubricated. The compressor may be driven by an-eleetric motor in direct connection with the shaft 20, or it ma be driven by ower-through pulleys attac ed to said sha t. A compressor so constructed will be especially adapted, owing to its size and lpower, for use in connection with- 'the air bra ill, is for use in this connection that it has e systems of electric cars, and

been especially designed, although I do not restrict myself to such use or a plication. In fact, the improvements in the cy 'nder and side frame bearings and connections, as

herein described may be applied to advan-.

tage in compressed air engines, such as are used for the motors in portable tools,.such as drills, hoists and thehke. The compressor as herein shown may be converted into a motor by simply admitting compressed air to it through the ipe 6 and reversing the direction of flow t ough the bearings and cylinder ports.

7 Having thus'described my improved compressor, what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The combination, with the side frames and cylinders having interconnections whereby rotary motion is imparted from one to the other, of a cylinder bearing having eccentric bearings for the side frames at each end, a hub, from which the cylinders radiate, having a bore sufiiciently large to permit of its being slipped into place on the cylinder bearing over one of the end bearings, and a split bushing adapted to be inserted in said bore after the hub is in place.

2. The combination, with the side frames and cylinders having i interconnections whereby rotary motion is imparted from one to the other, of a cylinder bearing having eccentric bearings for the side frames at each end, one of said end bearings bein of smaller diameter than the other, a hub, cm which the cylinders radiate, having a tapered bore of a diameter sufliciently large to permit of its being passed over the smaller bearing to its place on thecylinderbearing, and a tapered split bushing adapted to be inserted in 10* said bore after the hub is in place.

' 3. The combination, with a pair of side frames rotating upon eccentric bearings positioned at'each end of a stationary bearing, of a plurality of cylinders journaled u on said stationary bearing, pistons in the cy 'nders coupled to the side frames, arbors mounted in transverse bearings at the outer ends of the cylinders, cranks at each end of said arbors having pins journaled in boxes on the side frames, and ports and passages leading from the cylinders to and through the stationary bearing.

4. The combination of a plurality of cylinders mounted to rotate upon a stationary bearing, pistons in the cylinders, side frames mounted to rotate upon bearings eccentric to and at each end of the stationary bearing," cranks and pitmen connecting the-.cylinders and pistons respectively to the side frames, and inlet and outlet ports and passages in the stationary bearing with which ports inthe cylinder register as the cylinders rotate.

5. The combination of a plurality of cylinders mounted to rotate upon a stationary bearing, pistons in the cylinders, side frames mounted to rotate upon bearings eccentric to and at each end of the stationary bearing, 

